Xylem


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

Xylem Tissue

There are present two types of tissues in the plants  :

Meristematic Tissues : Meristematic tissues have undifferentiated cells which form the building blocks of the specialized plant structures.

Permanent Tissues : The permanent tissues in a plant are those tissues that contain non dividing cells. The cells are also modified to perform specific functions in plants. Xylem is the part of complex permanent tissue. These tissues perform the activity of conduction of water and minerals in different parts of the body.

Xylem

Xylem, or wood, as it is often called, is a complex tissue. The cells are thick-walled, tubular and often dead. This tissue has four types of cells : tracheids, vessels, xylem parenchyma and xylem fibres. Of these only tracheids and vessels transport sap.

  • Tracheids are elongated, tube-like cells with sloping walls, enclosing a large, empty cavity. The cavities are empty because the cells are dead. The walls are heavily thickened with lignin.
  •  Vessels  are fitted together end to end, vessels form long tubes or pipes for the conduction of water and minerals from the root to the leaf. The partitions between the cells dissolve to form long pipelines. Vessels too are dead cells with lignified walls. All vascular plants do not have vessels. Ferns, for example, have only tracheids.
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    Sample Questions
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    Question : 1

     Which of the following are correct ?

    (a) Xylem, or wood, is a simple tissue. 

    (b)  Xylem vessels form long tubes or pipes for the conduction of water and minerals from the root to the leaf.

    (c) Wood fibres are long sclerenchymatous cells associated with xylem. 

     

    Right Option : B
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    Question : 2

    In plants _____________________  is made of parenchymatous cells which store food and help in the lateral conduction of water or sap.

    Right Option : B
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    Question : 3

    The two kinds of element present in xylem are ____________________________.

     

    Right Option : C
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